French · Pronunciation Guide
kel-KUHN — the apostrophe fuses two words, and the ending is a nasal vowel with rounded lips.
quel-QU'UN, two beats with the weight at the end. The elision is what keeps it to two — without it you would have three, and French compressed it precisely to avoid that.
Listen: quelqu'un
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Il y a quelqu'un ?
Is anyone there?
Listen: Il y a quelqu'un ?
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"Il y a quelqu'un ?" is the phrase you call into an empty-seeming room. "Il y a" compresses to /i.lja/, two syllables from three written words. The rising intonation on the final nasal turns it into a question with no inversion or question word. The feminine equivalent "quelqu'une" exists but is rare.
Learners give the apostrophe a beat, producing "kel-kuh-UN", when the whole point of the elision is compression. They also pronounce the final "n" as a consonant. It is a nasal vowel with rounded lips and nothing touching. Compare it with "quelque chose", where the "que" keeps its schwa — the difference is entirely down to what follows.